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The battery is the most vulnerable part of any system regardless of capacity, topology or brand. The battery is ultimately at the heart of the UPS in terms of reliability. Understanding causes of battery depletion, ways to prevent depletion and maintenance options are fundamental to ensure maximum system availability.

Since few changes have occurred in battery technology, manufacturers have sought alternative measures to monitor batteries and extend battery life. Advances in monitoring and managing UPS batteries through software and other communications devices have continued to improve, providing a key component of extending battery life.

Most systems still use either sealed or flooded cell batteries. These batteries are typically found in larger, three-phase UPSs. Though sealed batteries are often called maintenance free, they still require scheduled maintenance and service.